38 C‑139/11, EU:C:2012:741.
39 9 Paragraph 23 of that judgment, emphasis added.
40 0 Paragraph 25 of that judgment.
41 1 See, in that regard, the report prepared by the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport of the European Commission, Kouris, S., ‘Study on the current level of protection of air passenger rights in the EU’, Publications Office of the European Union, Brussels, 2020, MOVE/B5/2018-541, paragraph 5.5 et seq., available at the following internet address: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/f03df002- 335c-11ea-ba6e-01aa75ed71a1.
42 2 Those entities are designated under Directive 2013/11/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on alternative dispute resolution for consumer disputes and amending Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 and Directive 2009/22/EC (Directive on consumer ADR) (OJ 2013 L 165, p. 63). In accordance with Article 1 thereof, the purpose of that directive is to ensure that consumers can, on a voluntary basis, submit complaints against traders using alternative dispute resolution procedures. See, to
that effect, judgments of 14 June 2017, Menini and Rampanelli (C‑75/16, EU:C:2017:457, paragraphs 39 and 40), and of 25 June 2020, Bundesverband der Verbraucherzentralen und Verbraucherverbände (C‑380/19, EU:C:2020:498, paragraph 26).
43 3 Such as the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Cyprus. See, in that regard, the notifications made by Member States pursuant to Article 16(1) of Regulation No 261/2004.
44 4 Such as the Republic of Estonia, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary and the Republic of Finland. By contrast, in the French Republic, for instance, the Direction générale de l’aviation civile (DGAC) (Directorate-General for Civil Aviation) is responsible for regulating air transport, for general supervision and for monitoring the implementation of EU law on the protection of air passengers. In
response to reports received from passengers, that body may take the necessary corrective measures. In cases of proven infringements, sanctions in the form of administrative fines may be imposed on air carriers which fail to comply with the obligations laid down in Regulation No 261/2004. However, that directorate does not individually monitor the reports sent to it and its input is independent of the handling of individual claims for compensation and reimbursement submitted to air carriers. To that end, passengers must bring an action before the court having jurisdiction, in accordance with the code de procédure civile (French Code of Civil Procedure), or bring the matter before the alternative dispute resolution body.