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Class Action (Tel Aviv) 11278-10-19 Yehoshua Klein v. Oil Refineries Ltd. - part 145

January 13, 2026
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Adv. Mr. D.  Or Chen:         So you can't compare. 

The witness, Prof. Gad Rennert:   There is no average, the comparison to the national average is usually wrong.  We need to compare the sex of its kind, A.  And secondly, in most of the world it is accepted that statistical units for comparison, their size, i.e. our size of about ten million inhabitants is barely enough to compare, it is usually a single statistical unit.  In Israel.

Adv. Mr. D.  Or Chen:         You say comparing to the national average is not good

[....]

The witness, Prof. Gad Rennert:   I say that the comparison to the average is done a lot of times.  There's almost no table that you don't do that, because it's very interesting visually as well, as if to see the distribution.  The act of this in Israel is wrong and inappropriate, because we are very, very unhomogeneous.  The audience is concentrated in the center, the Arabs are concentrated in the north, there are simply reefs in tiny Israel, there are very large reefs, so the national average that really differentiates the units is probably a mistake

Adv. Mr. D.  Or Chen:         How do you explain that in most of the studies of your epidemiologists colleagues, not just Professor Shai Lin, most of the studies both in Israel and around the world relate to a national average because you can't actually compare, as you do in the tables you brought us, which are of course tendential, you can't compare Tel Aviv and Haifa.  Do you agree with me that you can't compare Tel Aviv to Haifa?

The witness, Prof. Gad Rennert:   I think the comparison between Tel Aviv and Haifa is much more legitimate

Adv. Mr. D.  Or Chen:         Yes?

The witness, Prof. Gad Rennert:   From the national comparison, and in principle, it is advisable not to say, most of the global studies and most...  You don't know that most studies compare to averages.  You, that's okay as a saying, maybe it satisfies some need, But that's not true, we try not to use the language of the majority.  There could be hundreds of thousands of articles and none of us reviewed them all, but you really have to look at the main literature, You have to be careful about the literature in Israel because there are maybe 10 articles published about the environment here in Israel.  But when a tiger - IARC Doing his discussion and giving you some endless bibliography on air pollution, He doesn't mention even one of these ten, none of them has passed the qualitative threshold to be included in the review at all, because they are all qualitative studies that science doesn't like.  Now, what's not to like? Science doesn't think they're valid.  Just be careful.  We, the wording accuracy here is very important.

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