I will summarize the conclusions drawn from the second part of the three-stage process of examining the circumstantial evidence and say that the overall evidentiary premise establishes with the highest degree of certainty the defendant's involvement in the acts, as someone who was present during all the relevant hours on the day of the murder in Mitsubishi, and as someone who took an active and dominant part in the acts of disruption that were taken on August 29, 2022. The question of whether and for what offenses there is room to convict him for his involvement will be examined in the next chapter, but before I get to that, we must relate to the third stage of the process and examine whether the defendant was able to provide an alternative exculpatory thesis, which is consistent with the evidentiary basis detailed, and whether there are alternative exculpatory scenarios, even if they were not claimed by the defendant.
It should be precise, as stated, for example, in criminal appeal 5706/24 Taj v. MI (August 17, 2025):
"An alternative explanation that proposes a reasonable doubt does not imply any theoretical or urgent possibility; Rather, it is required that this be an explanation that has the power to collapse the prima facie conclusion. Therefore, the alternative explanation must have a real hold on the evidence material, meet the tests of common sense and life experience, and must establish a true and substantial doubt that is consistent with the fabric of circumstantial evidence (Criminal Appeal 8030/21 Abu Zeinab v. State of Israel, para. 42 (December 25, 2022)). In addition, just as the prima facie conclusion derives from the point of view of the fabric of circumstantial evidence as a whole, so the alternative explanation is required to offer a complete version in relation to the conclusion drawn from the accumulation of circumstantial evidence, and it is not sufficient to have a qualifying explanation in relation to each of the evidence separately (Criminal Appeal 3965/22 Tal v. State of Israel, para. 20 (March 30, 2023))."