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Criminal Case (Be’er Sheva) 20958-08-24 State of Israel – F.M. v. Muhammad Azzam - part 76

April 30, 2026
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The interrogation of the defendant by the Shin Bet shows that he browsed the "Al-Rud" website in the two months preceding his arrest using browsing encryption software, as part of the "instructions" of the site itself to "its sworn surfers."

The opinion notes that these browsing patterns (in terms of the type of websites and encryption applications) are clear characteristics of MDAS activists, and indicate that the defendant adheres to the organization's "online standard."

Type and nature of content

The opinion discerns the systematic consumption of content on a level that speaks for itself, as follows:

On the professional level , it was found that when the defendant browsed the "Al-Rud" website and other MDAS websites, he consumed a lot of content dealing with the field of weapons production, anti-aircraft weapons, biological terrorism and the preparation of poisons (Weapons Manuals, Poison Encyclopedia).

In addition to consumption, the defendant opened designated folders in which he stored files (such as folders under the headings: "Poison Preparation - Poison Course"); "Preparation of poisons - an easy idea for making poisonous gas"; "Preparing Poisons - How to Fight Alone"); Consumed materials dealing with methods of guerrilla warfare and delved deeper into the operational ones that can be implemented in the field.  The opinion emphasizes that the above content was accompanied by the consumption of harsh "show" content documenting murderous and brutal attacks carried out by the organization in the various combat zones, including videos of executions and beheadings.

From the manner in which the defendant showed interest in explosive belts, as noted in the opinion, it can be said that the defendant was interested in the manufacture of weapons of this type ("Yoav's" interrogation, July 19, 2024, paragraph 55; and materials obtained from the defendant's mobile devices in this context)

The editor of the opinion emphasized that in the understanding of ISA officials, the fact that the defendant watched the most difficult and "graphic" content, which a different appeal "offers" through his propaganda channels, contributed to the process of radicalization (the harsh content led to the defendant's "breaking of the barrier of fear" with regard to his willingness to act in a criminal appeal of the organization's guidelines).

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